近日，云南省首(shou)個城(cheng)市熱島效應監測(ce)站網在(zai)昆明(ming)主城(cheng)區建成并投入運用，這不(bu)僅標志著昆明(ming)城(cheng)市熱島效應強度(du)評估研究工作(zuo)正式啟動(dong)，還將為(wei)昆明(ming)市建設世界知名旅游城(cheng)市和2017年(nian)創建國家(jia)生態園(yuan)林城(cheng)市提供更(geng)全面(mian)的(de)決(jue)策(ce)性依據。

　　城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)熱島現象即城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)區(qu)和郊(jiao)區(qu)的(de)(de)溫度差異，是(shi)(shi)反映城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)環境質量的(de)(de)重要指標，也是(shi)(shi)昆明(ming)市(shi)2017年創建國家生態園(yuan)林城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)的(de)(de)重要指標。城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)熱島效應的(de)(de)重要特征是(shi)(shi)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)區(qu)氣溫明(ming)顯(xian)高于郊(jiao)區(qu)。引起城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)熱島效應的(de)(de)原因有多方面，如城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)人口密集、建筑密布(bu)、各種消(xiao)耗能量的(de)(de)設施(shi)不停地耗散大(da)量的(de)(de)熱能，高樓大(da)廈(sha)林立，使城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)中的(de)(de)氣溫、濕度及煙塵擴散與郊(jiao)區(qu)截然不同，形成城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)特有的(de)(de)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)氣候，特別是(shi)(shi)氣溫和污染明(ming)顯(xian)高于郊(jiao)區(qu)。

　　昆(kun)(kun)(kun)(kun)明(ming)(ming)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)主(zhu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)區(qu)(qu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)熱(re)(re)島(dao)(dao)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)監(jian)測站(zhan)網(wang)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)按(an)照(zhao)“四創(chuang)兩爭(zheng)”的(de)總體要求，緊(jin)緊(jin)圍繞國家生態園林(lin)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)創(chuang)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)熱(re)(re)島(dao)(dao)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)強度(du)指標進行建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)，更好地反映了國家園林(lin)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)和(he)國家生態城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)的(de)最新成(cheng)果。昆(kun)(kun)(kun)(kun)明(ming)(ming)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)主(zhu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)區(qu)(qu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)熱(re)(re)島(dao)(dao)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)監(jian)測站(zhan)網(wang)由昆(kun)(kun)(kun)(kun)明(ming)(ming)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)氣(qi)象局、昆(kun)(kun)(kun)(kun)明(ming)(ming)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)創(chuang)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)辦和(he)昆(kun)(kun)(kun)(kun)明(ming)(ming)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)園林(lin)綠化(hua)局共同出(chu)資，分別在昆(kun)(kun)(kun)(kun)明(ming)(ming)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)月牙塘公(gong)(gong)園、圓(yuan)通山(shan)公(gong)(gong)園和(he)大觀(guan)公(gong)(gong)園建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)3套自動氣(qi)象站(zhan)，形(xing)成(cheng)昆(kun)(kun)(kun)(kun)明(ming)(ming)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)熱(re)(re)島(dao)(dao)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)監(jian)測站(zhan)網(wang)。觀(guan)測內容包括氣(qi)溫、降水、濕(shi)度(du)、風向、風速等氣(qi)象要素。主(zhu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)區(qu)(qu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)熱(re)(re)島(dao)(dao)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)監(jian)測站(zhan)網(wang)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)成(cheng)后，昆(kun)(kun)(kun)(kun)明(ming)(ming)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)將進一步完善城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)熱(re)(re)島(dao)(dao)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)動態監(jian)測機(ji)制，按(an)年(nian)度(du)發布城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)熱(re)(re)島(dao)(dao)監(jian)測公(gong)(gong)報，跟蹤研究昆(kun)(kun)(kun)(kun)明(ming)(ming)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)熱(re)(re)島(dao)(dao)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)的(de)形(xing)成(cheng)機(ji)理和(he)強度(du)變化(hua)規(gui)律，推進城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)組團規(gui)劃設(she)計、綠化(hua)隔離(li)帶設(she)置及生態廊道建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)，爭(zheng)取把昆(kun)(kun)(kun)(kun)明(ming)(ming)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)熱(re)(re)島(dao)(dao)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)強度(du)控制在2.5℃內。