作為(wei)農業產(chan)(chan)(chan)量大國，中國的(de)農業從古發展至近，也(ye)經(jing)歷了很多變遷和(he)改革，但目(mu)前的(de)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)水平依然沒有達到先進的(de)地(di)步。我國農產(chan)(chan)(chan)品生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)總體上仍處于一家一戶的(de)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)模(mo)(mo)式，生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)規(gui)模(mo)(mo)小，生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)個(ge)體多，缺乏生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)標準化應(ying)有的(de)規(gui)模(mo)(mo)基礎和(he)大規(gui)模(mo)(mo)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)規(gui)范化管(guan)理整齊劃一的(de)必要(yao)條(tiao)件，農產(chan)(chan)(chan)品生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)者主要(yao)憑傳統農耕(geng)經(jing)驗、種(zhong)養(yang)技(ji)藝和(he)市場銷路(lu)的(de)倒逼機制，確定下(xia)一個(ge)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)周(zhou)期(qi)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)品種(zhong)和(he)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)過程(cheng)中擬采取的(de)管(guan)控措施。　　　　　　　　　　

　　就(jiu)農(nong)產品(pin)質量(liang)安全的(de)本質而言(yan)，生產者(zhe)和消(xiao)費者(zhe)是最為(wei)(wei)重(zhong)要的(de)兩個(ge)行(xing)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)體，如若(ruo)生產者(zhe)生產標準化(hua)，消(xiao)費者(zhe)熟知明白，農(nong)產品(pin)質量(liang)安全的(de)自(zi)律機制(zhi)就(jiu)自(zi)然(ran)發揮作用(yong)，政(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)執法(fa)監(jian)管(guan)就(jiu)輕松(song)簡單了，絕大(da)多數(shu)農(nong)產品(pin)的(de)生產行(xing)為(wei)(wei)可以依托生產者(zhe)自(zi)律，政(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)部門就(jiu)用(yong)不著(zhu)實施(shi)“保姆式”的(de)包(bao)攬(lan)各環節的(de)質量(liang)管(guan)理，政(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)執法(fa)監(jian)管(guan)的(de)重(zhong)點只需(xu)突出(chu)督(du)察極個(ge)別生產者(zhe)的(de)違(wei)法(fa)違(wei)規(gui)(gui)行(xing)為(wei)(wei)即可，從(cong)而徹底扭轉現在農(nong)產品(pin)質量(liang)安全監(jian)管(guan)重(zhong)在想方設法(fa)保障絕大(da)多數(shu)農(nong)產品(pin)生產經營主(zhu)體規(gui)(gui)范的(de)被動監(jian)管(guan)格局(ju)，繼而轉向以嚴(yan)打(da)極少數(shu)惡意違(wei)法(fa)違(wei)規(gui)(gui)行(xing)為(wei)(wei)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)的(de)執法(fa)監(jian)管(guan)。　　　　

農產品生產經營規模小，標準化生產約束條件不足　　　　

(一)農產品質量安全標準化生產的自律約束機制不健全　　　　

　　按照標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)化(hua)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)原(yuan)理(li)，只(zhi)有在規(gui)模(mo)化(hua)的大生產(chan)(chan)(chan)條件下，一(yi)個(ge)大的生產(chan)(chan)(chan)體(ti)系內(nei)的生產(chan)(chan)(chan)管(guan)理(li)者為了確(que)保(bao)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)群體(ti)中不同個(ge)體(ti)間(jian)的行(xing)為一(yi)致(zhi)(zhi)性，生產(chan)(chan)(chan)過(guo)程規(gui)范(fan)化(hua)，推(tui)行(xing)實施標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)化(hua)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)和規(gui)范(fan)化(hua)管(guan)理(li)，才能從生產(chan)(chan)(chan)環節實現(xian)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)效(xiao)率最高、質量最好、成本最低、效(xiao)益最優，也是充分保(bao)障(zhang)同一(yi)個(ge)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)體(ti)系內(nei)各生產(chan)(chan)(chan)個(ge)體(ti)之間(jian)質量安全水平和生產(chan)(chan)(chan)效(xiao)率一(yi)致(zhi)(zhi)性的最佳方式(shi)之一(yi)，更是規(gui)模(mo)化(hua)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)基(ji)地、企業(ye)、合作社推(tui)行(xing)現(xian)代化(hua)管(guan)理(li)的必然選擇，是規(gui)模(mo)化(hua)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)基(ji)地、企業(ye)和合作社保(bao)障(zhang)所生產(chan)(chan)(chan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品整齊劃一(yi)、批量供給的重要手段(duan)。　　　　

　　而對一家一戶的個體或農戶，從生產者本身的利益出發，缺乏標準化生產的外圍激勵機制和自我約束機制。從行為心理和經濟學角度，個體化的生產，越是行為自主和管理創新，越是富有效率和主觀能動性，越符合生產的實際。針對農產品市場國際化和農產品消費的安全優質需求，無論是從國際市場進口的規模化農場生產的農產品，還是國內規模化農產品生產企業、合作社、家庭農場生產的農產品，包括國內量大面廣的分散農戶生產的農產品，對廣大的消費者而言，對購買的農產品都是要求產品安全、質量優良、品質規格一致、供應均衡穩定。市場決定生產，消費決定管理，面對農產品供求基本平衡的客觀現實和廣大消費者對安全優質農產品的客觀需求，在農產品質量安全監管工作中，亟須強化農產品生產者質量安全知識和標準化生產技術的培訓，同時強化廣大消費者科學膳食、理性消費的引導與宣傳，樹立公眾最起碼和最基本的食物營養、健康理念，具備最常識性的食品安全知識，消除不必要的疑慮和恐慌。　　　　(二)全面提高農產品生產者質量安全意識十分重要　　　　

　　從農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)角度(du)，最(zui)重(zhong)要的(de)(de)是著力培(pei)育(yu)(yu)和(he)(he)(he)養(yang)成(cheng)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)者(zhe)的(de)(de)質量安(an)全意識、標準(zhun)化(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)理念、守法(fa)合規(gui)的(de)(de)安(an)全生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)底(di)線、按市場需求構(gou)建獨到的(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)模(mo)式。無論是規(gui)模(mo)化(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)經營主(zhu)體(ti)(包(bao)括生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)企業、合作社、家庭農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)和(he)(he)(he)種養(yang)大戶等(deng))，還是一家一戶的(de)(de)散戶生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)者(zhe)，面對市場需求和(he)(he)(he)公眾消(xiao)費安(an)全，按照法(fa)定責任(ren)和(he)(he)(he)義務(wu)，都應當熟(shu)悉相關的(de)(de)農(nong)(nong)業政策、質量安(an)全知識和(he)(he)(he)法(fa)律法(fa)規(gui)規(gui)定，熟(shu)知所生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)經營農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)的(de)(de)種性(xing)特征、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)發育(yu)(yu)特性(xing)、病(bing)蟲害(hai)識別、農(nong)(nong)業投入(ru)品(pin)屬性(xing)、安(an)全使用休藥(yao)期間(jian)隔期、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)過(guo)程安(an)全技(ji)術、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)檔案記錄、產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)地準(zhun)出(chu)要求、包(bao)裝標識、質量追(zhui)溯和(he)(he)(he)問題產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)召回(hui)及出(chu)現(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)性(xing)藥(yao)害(hai)的(de)(de)應急處(chu)置等(deng)內容，真正做到明白生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)、安(an)全生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)、守法(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)和(he)(he)(he)規(gui)范生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)，從生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)源頭(tou)最(zui)主(zhu)要的(de)(de)行為(wei)主(zhu)體(ti)入(ru)手，確保農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)標準(zhun)化(hua)(hua)和(he)(he)(he)質量安(an)全全程受控。　　　　

　　但現實(shi)的(de)農(nong)產品生(sheng)產及(ji)生(sheng)產者對農(nong)產品質(zhi)量(liang)安全(quan)方面(mian)的(de)法制要(yao)求和標準化生(sheng)產知(zhi)(zhi)識知(zhi)(zhi)之甚少(shao)，包括規模化的(de)農(nong)產品生(sheng)產主體(生(sheng)產企業、合作社、家庭農(nong)場(chang))及(ji)其(qi)員工，對農(nong)產品質(zhi)量(liang)安全(quan)管控(kong)知(zhi)(zhi)識和標準化生(sheng)產技術都嚴(yan)重缺(que)乏。這也是農(nong)產品質(zhi)量(liang)安全(quan)問題特別是受(shou)生(sheng)產者行為影響的(de)農(nong)獸藥(yao)殘留超(chao)標問題屢禁不止、屢禁不絕的(de)一個重要(yao)原因(yin)。　　　　

　　要真正(zheng)從生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)源(yuan)頭入手保(bao)障(zhang)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)量安(an)全(quan)(quan)和(he)(he)提升農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)量安(an)全(quan)(quan)水平(ping)，當務(wu)之(zhi)急是要加快建立和(he)(he)啟動“國(guo)家(jia)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)量安(an)全(quan)(quan)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)者培(pei)訓(xun)(xun)(xun)工程和(he)(he)培(pei)訓(xun)(xun)(xun)行動計劃”，各級(ji)財(cai)政每(mei)年預算一(yi)定的農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)從業(ye)者質(zhi)(zhi)量安(an)全(quan)(quan)培(pei)訓(xun)(xun)(xun)專項經費，用于農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)者培(pei)訓(xun)(xun)(xun)和(he)(he)國(guo)家(jia)基礎教育階段(duan)學(xue)生(sheng)的農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)量安(an)全(quan)(quan)知(zhi)識教育。對已從業(ye)的農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)者，可以按照每(mei)3 年輪訓(xun)(xun)(xun)1 次的目標，依(yi)托各級(ji)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)推廣機構、農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)學(xue)校和(he)(he)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)量安(an)全(quan)(quan)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)機構，普及農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)量安(an)全(quan)(quan)知(zhi)識、強化農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)安(an)全(quan)(quan)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)和(he)(he)全(quan)(quan)程質(zhi)(zhi)量安(an)全(quan)(quan)控(kong)制技(ji)(ji)術(shu)培(pei)訓(xun)(xun)(xun)，增(zeng)強農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)者質(zhi)(zhi)量安(an)全(quan)(quan)意識、法律法規意識、風險隱(yin)患責任意識和(he)(he)誠(cheng)實守信意識。　　　　

農產品質量安全監管需堅持抓重點和重點抓　　　　

　　我(wo)(wo)國農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)安全(quan)(quan)(quan)從2001 年國家實施“無公害食品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)行(xing)動計劃”以來(lai)，經過各級黨委政府的(de)強有力(li)行(xing)政推動、專項整治和(he)(he)依(yi)法監(jian)(jian)管，現已(yi)步(bu)入“科學管理、依(yi)法監(jian)(jian)督”的(de)法治新階段，農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)安全(quan)(quan)(quan)水(shui)平大幅提升，蔬菜(cai)、果(guo)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)、茶葉、畜(chu)禽產品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)和(he)(he)水(shui)產品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)的(de)例行(xing)監(jian)(jian)測合格率穩定保持在(zai)96%以上，農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)安全(quan)(quan)(quan)處于“穩中(zhong)有升、不(bu)斷向好(hao)”的(de)發展(zhan)態勢，農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)供給(gei)豐富平穩，消費(fei)安全(quan)(quan)(quan)有保障。但客觀地分(fen)析，農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)安全(quan)(quan)(quan)問(wen)題和(he)(he)隱患還(huan)依(yi)然不(bu)少，農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)安全(quan)(quan)(quan)監(jian)(jian)管的(de)基(ji)礎還(huan)比較薄弱，農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)安全(quan)(quan)(quan)標準(zhun)化(hua)生產的(de)保障能力(li)和(he)(he)執法監(jian)(jian)管的(de)能力(li)還(huan)明顯不(bu)足，亟待(dai)加強和(he)(he)強化(hua)。在(zai)我(wo)(wo)國農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)供求基(ji)本平衡(heng)和(he)(he)市(shi)場(chang)總體缺乏競爭的(de)大環境下，保障農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)安全(quan)(quan)(quan)依(yi)舊(jiu)是政府最重(zhong)要的(de)職(zhi)責，農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)安全(quan)(quan)(quan)監(jian)(jian)管體現的(de)是社會效益、生態效益和(he)(he)公共福祉(zhi)。　　　　

國內(nei)外的實(shi)踐表明，保障和監管農產(chan)品質量(liang)安全，是一項幾乎(hu)只有投入卻看不見直接經(jing)濟效益產(chan)出的公眾(zhong)福祉事業，需要政(zheng)府(fu)大量(liang)的公共(gong)財(cai)政(zheng)投入。　　　　

(一)農產品質量安全監管仍需堅持抓重點和重點抓　　　　

　　這(zhe)些(xie)年(nian)各(ge)級政(zheng)府(fu)(fu)已高(gao)度重(zhong)視和(he)(he)(he)不(bu)(bu)斷(duan)增加(jia)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)質量(liang)安(an)全(quan)與食品(pin)(pin)(pin)安(an)全(quan)監(jian)管方(fang)(fang)(fang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)投入(ru)(ru)(ru)，但綜(zong)合考量(liang)國內生產(chan)(chan)總值(GDP)和(he)(he)(he)政(zheng)府(fu)(fu)公(gong)共財(cai)(cai)政(zheng)收(shou)入(ru)(ru)(ru)，各(ge)級政(zheng)府(fu)(fu)可(ke)不(bu)(bu)斷(duan)追(zhui)加(jia)用于農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)質量(liang)安(an)全(quan)和(he)(he)(he)食品(pin)(pin)(pin)安(an)全(quan)監(jian)管的(de)(de)(de)財(cai)(cai)力(li)(li)非(fei)常(chang)有(you)限。據國家統計(ji)局(ju)2015 年(nian)2 月(yue)26 日公(gong)布(bu)的(de)(de)(de)數據，截(jie)至2014 年(nian)12 月(yue)31 日，我國大(da)陸總人(ren)(ren)口136782 萬(wan)(wan)人(ren)(ren)，2014年(nian)全(quan)年(nian)國內生產(chan)(chan)總值636463 億元(yuan)，全(quan)年(nian)全(quan)國一(yi)般公(gong)共財(cai)(cai)政(zheng)收(shou)入(ru)(ru)(ru)140350億元(yuan)。在目(mu)前GDP 人(ren)(ren)均不(bu)(bu)足4.7 萬(wan)(wan)元(yuan)、財(cai)(cai)政(zheng)收(shou)入(ru)(ru)(ru)人(ren)(ren)均不(bu)(bu)足1.1 萬(wan)(wan)元(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)國家公(gong)共財(cai)(cai)富和(he)(he)(he)財(cai)(cai)力(li)(li)下，農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)質量(liang)安(an)全(quan)監(jian)管需堅持兩方(fang)(fang)(fang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)發(fa)力(li)(li)，不(bu)(bu)斷(duan)創造監(jian)管條件和(he)(he)(he)強化監(jian)管力(li)(li)度。一(yi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)要積極爭取各(ge)級政(zheng)府(fu)(fu)加(jia)大(da)公(gong)共財(cai)(cai)政(zheng)投入(ru)(ru)(ru)，保障(zhang)最基本和(he)(he)(he)最基礎的(de)(de)(de)工作開支;另一(yi)個方(fang)(fang)(fang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)也(ye)需創新農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)質量(liang)安(an)全(quan)執法監(jian)管方(fang)(fang)(fang)式，尤其是(shi)(shi)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)對量(liang)大(da)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)廣、周年(nian)開放(fang)式生產(chan)(chan)、危害因子眾多的(de)(de)(de)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)及千家萬(wan)(wan)戶(hu)的(de)(de)(de)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)生產(chan)(chan)方(fang)(fang)(fang)式，需堅持抓(zhua)重(zhong)點和(he)(he)(he)重(zhong)點抓(zhua)，突出抓(zhua)好影響面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)點產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)、重(zhong)點危害因子、重(zhong)點環(huan)節(jie)和(he)(he)(he)重(zhong)點生產(chan)(chan)經營主(zhu)體(ti)，同時(shi)突出抓(zhua)好重(zhong)點的(de)(de)(de)、管用的(de)(de)(de)監(jian)管措(cuo)施的(de)(de)(de)落實和(he)(he)(he)推進。從(cong)生產(chan)(chan)經營主(zhu)體(ti)上(shang)，重(zhong)中之重(zhong)是(shi)(shi)要把住生產(chan)(chan)企業、合作社(she)、家庭農(nong)(nong)場(chang)等(deng)規(gui)模化生產(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)(de)關(guan)鍵少(shao)數。　　　　

(二)穩定堅持“兩手抓”工作思路　　　　

　　順向堅持(chi)安全優質農(nong)(nong)產(chan)品(pin)是“產(chan)”出(chu)來的理(li)念，推(tui)(tui)行標準化生產(chan)和(he)全程管(guan)(guan)控，推(tui)(tui)動農(nong)(nong)產(chan)品(pin)生產(chan)方式轉變，不(bu)斷提(ti)升質量安全水平，并(bing)保持(chi)在96%以上，實現(xian)并(bing)爭取達到(dao)96%、97%、98%、99%的產(chan)品(pin)是合格的、安全的，甚至是既安全又優質;逆向堅持(chi)安全優質農(nong)(nong)產(chan)品(pin)是“管(guan)(guan)”出(chu)來的思(si)想(xiang)，強化執法監管(guan)(guan)和(he)專項整治(zhi)，通過對(dui)突出(chu)問題實施監督檢(jian)查和(he)專項整治(zhi)，杜絕和(he)消(xiao)除(chu)1 %、2 %、3 %、4%的不(bu)合格，確保不(bu)發生重大農(nong)(nong)產(chan)品(pin)質量安全事(shi)件。　　　　

(三)積極推進監管措施創新　　　　

　　一要嚴格(ge)農(nong)業(ye)投入品(pin)(pin)監管(guan)，對農(nong)業(ye)投入品(pin)(pin)監管(guan)要從(cong)注(zhu)重“有效(xiao)、好用”轉入追求生(sheng)態安全(quan)(quan)和(he)農(nong)產品(pin)(pin)質(zhi)量安全(quan)(quan)，對高效(xiao)、低殘毒農(nong)業(ye)投入品(pin)(pin)實行普惠制(zhi)的(de)補(bu)貼機制(zhi)，從(cong)源頭確(que)保農(nong)產品(pin)(pin)質(zhi)量安全(quan)(quan)和(he)生(sheng)態環境安全(quan)(quan)與(yu)可持(chi)續發(fa)展。　　　　　　

　　二要大力推(tui)行(xing)標準(zhun)化(hua)生(sheng)產(chan)，加(jia)快建立健全(quan)以農(nong)獸藥殘留為重點的農(nong)產(chan)品質量安(an)全(quan)標準(zhun)體系，鼓勵依托土(tu)地(di)流(liu)轉政(zheng)(zheng)策，對農(nong)產(chan)品生(sheng)產(chan)企業(ye)化(hua)運(yun)行(xing)、合作(zuo)社發(fa)展與(yu)(yu)家庭農(nong)場式經營(ying)，嚴(yan)格按照(zhao)“三園兩場”標準(zhun)化(hua)模式生(sheng)產(chan)，通過(guo)“三品一標”認證(zheng)登記的，實行(xing)財政(zheng)(zheng)獎(jiang)(jiang)勵政(zheng)(zheng)策，按照(zhao)安(an)全(quan)優質標準(zhun)化(hua)生(sheng)產(chan)的產(chan)量由中央與(yu)(yu)地(di)方共同(tong)設立財政(zheng)(zheng)獎(jiang)(jiang)勵制度和(he)專項資金(jin)。　　　　

　　三要盡(jin)快(kuai)(kuai)創設農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)質(zhi)量安(an)(an)(an)全國(guo)(guo)家(jia)監(jian)控計(ji)劃(hua)，在(zai)現有各(ge)級(ji)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)質(zhi)量安(an)(an)(an)全例行(xing)監(jian)測、監(jian)督抽查和(he)風險評估的(de)(de)基礎(chu)上，制定和(he)啟動(dong)包括部省(sheng)地縣和(he)鄉(xiang)鎮(zhen)各(ge)層級(ji)、貫(guan)通(tong)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)全過(guo)程和(he)全時(shi)段(duan)的(de)(de)全國(guo)(guo)一(yi)盤棋的(de)(de)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)質(zhi)量安(an)(an)(an)全國(guo)(guo)家(jia)監(jian)控計(ji)劃(hua)，統一(yi)設立(li)國(guo)(guo)控點、省(sheng)控點和(he)市(shi)縣監(jian)測點及(ji)鄉(xiang)鎮(zhen)觀測點，按(an)照事權責任，對(dui)各(ge)級(ji)監(jian)控監(jian)測所需(xu)資(zi)金實行(xing)屬地預(yu)算與(yu)中央財政(zheng)(zheng)轉移支付，確(que)保農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)質(zhi)量安(an)(an)(an)全時(shi)刻(ke)處于動(dong)態(tai)監(jian)控，對(dui)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)經營(ying)主(zhu)(zhu)體構建(jian)無時(shi)不在(zai)的(de)(de)自(zi)律(lv)約束機(ji)制。　　　　四要加快(kuai)(kuai)推進農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)質(zhi)量安(an)(an)(an)全追(zhui)(zhui)(zhui)溯管(guan)理(li)，通(tong)過(guo)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)投資(zi)加快(kuai)(kuai)構建(jian)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)統一(yi)的(de)(de)、鏈接(jie)各(ge)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)經營(ying)主(zhu)(zhu)體和(he)市(shi)場流通(tong)與(yu)消(xiao)費界面的(de)(de)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)質(zhi)量安(an)(an)(an)全追(zhui)(zhui)(zhui)溯體系(xi)與(yu)追(zhui)(zhui)(zhui)溯平臺，使其(qi)成為(wei)(wei)各(ge)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)經營(ying)主(zhu)(zhu)體良好(hao)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)經營(ying)行(xing)為(wei)(wei)、合(he)法守規、標準化(hua)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)和(he)安(an)(an)(an)全優質(zhi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)展示營(ying)銷平臺，充(chong)分調動(dong)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)經營(ying)主(zhu)(zhu)體參(can)與(yu)追(zhui)(zhui)(zhui)溯的(de)(de)主(zhu)(zhu)動(dong)性和(he)積(ji)極(ji)性，實現其(qi)追(zhui)(zhui)(zhui)溯價值;同時(shi)通(tong)過(guo)追(zhui)(zhui)(zhui)溯，為(wei)(wei)市(shi)場流通(tong)和(he)消(xiao)費選擇構建(jian)一(yi)個直觀可靠的(de)(de)查詢平臺，讓消(xiao)費透明、放心;同時(shi)形成政(zheng)(zheng)府監(jian)管(guan)網絡平臺，實現生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)再現、監(jian)管(guan)在(zai)線、召回快(kuai)(kuai)捷和(he)追(zhui)(zhui)(zhui)責精準管(guan)理(li)。　　　　

　　五要積極推(tui)動基層農(nong)(nong)業綜(zong)合執(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)，突出以農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)量安全(quan)執(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)為(wei)重點，貫通(tong)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)全(quan)過程，延伸農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)收(shou)貯運全(quan)鏈條，強化執(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)監(jian)管機構建設(she)和執(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)裝備配(pei)置，通(tong)過基本建設(she)和財政專項(xiang)，盡快提升基層農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)量安全(quan)執(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)能力。尤其(qi)是要通(tong)過農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)量安全(quan)全(quan)程執(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)和監(jian)管，使農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)產(chan)(chan)(chan)地環(huan)境、農(nong)(nong)業投(tou)入品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)、生產(chan)(chan)(chan)過程、產(chan)(chan)(chan)地準出、市場準入和質(zhi)(zhi)量追溯等真正處(chu)于(yu)完全(quan)受控狀(zhuang)態。