通過對艦(jian)船用(yong)(yong)電(dian)連(lian)接器(qi)進(jin)行可靠(kao)性分(fen)析，給出影(ying)響艦(jian)船用(yong)(yong)電(dian)連(lian)接器(qi)接觸壽命(ming)的關鍵環(huan)境因素;結合(he)概率統(tong)計(ji)理論，分(fen)析了(le)艦(jian)船用(yong)(yong)電(dian)連(lian)接器(qi)的壽命(ming)分(fen)布，從而建立(li)了(le)基于(yu)溫(wen)度應力(li)、濕(shi)度應力(li)、電(dian)應力(li)、振動應力(li)四(si)綜合(he)應力(li)作用(yong)(yong)下的可靠(kao)性統(tong)計(ji)模(mo)型，為艦(jian)船用(yong)(yong)電(dian)連(lian)接器(qi)可靠(kao)性實驗方案的制定(ding)及開展奠定(ding)了(le)理論基礎。

　　引(yin)言

　　艦船(chuan)(chuan)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)連(lian)(lian)接(jie)器(qi)在(zai)(zai)實際工作和(he)貯存條件下，將受(shou)到溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)、濕(shi)度(du)、振(zhen)(zhen)動(dong)(dong)(dong)、鹽(yan)霧(wu)、顛振(zhen)(zhen)、外殼防水、霉菌等綜合環境因(yin)素的(de)作用(yong)，這些都將影(ying)響其壽(shou)命及工作可靠性(xing)。相關(guan)研(yan)究(jiu)表明[1-3]，溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)、濕(shi)度(du)和(he)振(zhen)(zhen)動(dong)(dong)(dong)應力(li)(li)(li)是影(ying)響電(dian)(dian)(dian)連(lian)(lian)接(jie)器(qi)可靠性(xing)的(de)關(guan)鍵環境因(yin)素。文(wen)(wen)獻[4]提(ti)出(chu)(chu)了航(hang)天(tian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)連(lian)(lian)接(jie)器(qi)基于(yu)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)和(he)振(zhen)(zhen)動(dong)(dong)(dong)綜合應力(li)(li)(li)作用(yong)下的(de)Ey-ring-Weibull可靠性(xing)統計模(mo)型(xing)(xing)。文(wen)(wen)獻[5]提(ti)出(chu)(chu)了航(hang)天(tian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)連(lian)(lian)接(jie)器(qi)基于(yu)振(zhen)(zhen)動(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)逆冪律失效物理模(mo)型(xing)(xing)，文(wen)(wen)獻[2-3, 6]分別建立了電(dian)(dian)(dian)連(lian)(lian)接(jie)器(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)、濕(shi)度(du)和(he)振(zhen)(zhen)動(dong)(dong)(dong)三(san)綜合應力(li)(li)(li)下以及溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)、振(zhen)(zhen)動(dong)(dong)(dong)二綜合應力(li)(li)(li)下和(he)的(de)可靠性(xing)統計模(mo)型(xing)(xing)。但其研(yan)究(jiu)的(de)對象多數為(wei)(wei)航(hang)天(tian)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)連(lian)(lian)接(jie)器(qi)，對艦船(chuan)(chuan)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)連(lian)(lian)接(jie)器(qi)的(de)可靠性(xing)模(mo)型(xing)(xing)建立基本處于(yu)空白(bai)階段，因(yin)此，為(wei)(wei)使得(de)航(hang)天(tian)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)連(lian)(lian)接(jie)器(qi)的(de)可靠性(xing)模(mo)型(xing)(xing)能夠在(zai)(zai)艦船(chuan)(chuan)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)連(lian)(lian)接(jie)器(qi)可靠性(xing)模(mo)型(xing)(xing)得(de)到合理的(de)應用(yong)，有必要開展艦船(chuan)(chuan)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)連(lian)(lian)接(jie)器(qi)的(de)可靠性(xing)模(mo)型(xing)(xing)的(de)研(yan)究(jiu)。

　　1 艦船用(yong)電(dian)連接器在(zai)溫度-濕度-電(dian)應(ying)力-振動應(ying)力作用(yong)下的(de)失(shi)效物理(li)方程(cheng)

　　電(dian)(dian)連(lian)(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie)(jie)器(qi)(qi)由殼體、絕緣體、接(jie)(jie)(jie)觸(chu)(chu)(chu)體三大基(ji)礎部(bu)件組(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)，用(yong)于(yu)(yu)實(shi)現電(dian)(dian)信號的(de)(de)傳輸以及(ji)電(dian)(dian)子與(yu)電(dian)(dian)氣設備之間(jian)的(de)(de)連(lian)(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie)(jie)。經失(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)效(xiao)(xiao)分析可知(zhi)，電(dian)(dian)連(lian)(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie)(jie)器(qi)(qi)主(zhu)要失(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)效(xiao)(xiao)模式為(wei)機械失(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)效(xiao)(xiao)、絕緣失(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)效(xiao)(xiao)和接(jie)(jie)(jie)觸(chu)(chu)(chu)失(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)效(xiao)(xiao)，其中，接(jie)(jie)(jie)觸(chu)(chu)(chu)失(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)效(xiao)(xiao)占總失(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)效(xiao)(xiao)的(de)(de)45.1%[7]，因此(ci)(ci)，接(jie)(jie)(jie)觸(chu)(chu)(chu)失(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)效(xiao)(xiao)是(shi)造成(cheng)(cheng)電(dian)(dian)連(lian)(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie)(jie)器(qi)(qi)失(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)效(xiao)(xiao)的(de)(de)主(zhu)要原因。由文獻[8]可知(zhi)，造成(cheng)(cheng)電(dian)(dian)連(lian)(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie)(jie)器(qi)(qi)接(jie)(jie)(jie)觸(chu)(chu)(chu)失(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)效(xiao)(xiao)的(de)(de)主(zhu)要環境影響因素為(wei)溫(wen)度(du)應(ying)力(li)和振動應(ying)力(li)。而對于(yu)(yu)艦船(chuan)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)連(lian)(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie)(jie)器(qi)(qi)來說，濕(shi)度(du)、電(dian)(dian)應(ying)力(li)是(shi)導致(zhi)其發(fa)生接(jie)(jie)(jie)觸(chu)(chu)(chu)失(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)效(xiao)(xiao)不可忽略的(de)(de)因素。因此(ci)(ci)，需建立艦船(chuan)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)連(lian)(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie)(jie)器(qi)(qi)基(ji)于(yu)(yu)溫(wen)度(du)應(ying)力(li)、濕(shi)度(du)應(ying)力(li)、電(dian)(dian)應(ying)力(li)、振動應(ying)力(li)四綜(zong)合應(ying)力(li)作用(yong)下(xia)的(de)(de)失(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)效(xiao)(xiao)物理(li)方程。

　　1.1 溫度應力作(zuo)用下的失效物理方程

　　1.2 溫度、濕度、電應力(li)作(zuo)用(yong)下的物理(li)失效模(mo)型

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