關于加強農村飲用水(shui)水(shui)源保護工作的指(zhi)導意見(jian)

　　各省、自治(zhi)區、直轄市、新(xin)疆(jiang)生產(chan)建設兵團(tuan)環境保護廳(局(ju))、水利(水務)廳(局(ju))：

　　近年來，我國飲(yin)(yin)用水(shui)(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)保護工作取得(de)積極進展，城鄉(xiang)居民飲(yin)(yin)用水(shui)(shui)(shui)安全(quan)保障水(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)持續提升。但是，由于(yu)農(nong)村(cun)飲(yin)(yin)用水(shui)(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)點多面廣、單個(ge)水(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)規模較(jiao)小、部分早(zao)期建(jian)設的(de)飲(yin)(yin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)工程老化失修等(deng)原因，水(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)保護管(guan)理基(ji)礎薄弱、防(fang)護措施不足、長(chang)效運(yun)行機制(zhi)不完善等(deng)問題依然存在，農(nong)村(cun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)污染(ran)事(shi)件時有發(fa)生。為貫徹黨的(de)十八大(da)和十八屆二中、三(san)中、四中全(quan)會精神，落實《政府(fu)工作報(bao)告》總體部署，進一(yi)步推進農(nong)村(cun)飲(yin)(yin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)安全(quan)工程建(jian)設，加強農(nong)村(cun)飲(yin)(yin)用水(shui)(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)保護工作，按照《水(shui)(shui)(shui)污染(ran)防(fang)治行動計劃》要求，提出如下指導意(yi)見(jian)：

　　一(yi)、分類推(tui)進(jin)水源(yuan)保(bao)護區或保(bao)護范(fan)圍劃定工作

　　以供水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)人(ren)(ren)口(kou)多、環境敏(min)感(gan)的(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)以及農村(cun)(cun)飲水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)安全工(gong)程(cheng)規(gui)劃(hua)支(zhi)持建(jian)設(she)的(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)為重點(dian)，由(you)地方人(ren)(ren)民政府按(an)規(gui)定制定工(gong)作(zuo)計(ji)劃(hua)，明確(que)劃(hua)定時限，按(an)期完(wan)成(cheng)農村(cun)(cun)飲用(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)或保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)范(fan)圍劃(hua)定工(gong)作(zuo)。對(dui)供水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)人(ren)(ren)口(kou)在一(yi)千人(ren)(ren)以上的(de)(de)集(ji)中式(shi)飲用(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，按(an)照(zhao)(zhao)《水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)污染防(fang)治法》《水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)法》等法律法規(gui)要求，參(can)照(zhao)(zhao)《飲用(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)劃(hua)分技術規(gui)范(fan)》，科學編碼并劃(hua)定水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu);日(ri)供水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)1000噸或服(fu)務人(ren)(ren)口(kou)10000人(ren)(ren)以上的(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，應于2016年(nian)底前完(wan)成(cheng)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)劃(hua)定工(gong)作(zuo)。對(dui)供水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)人(ren)(ren)口(kou)小(xiao)于一(yi)千人(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)飲用(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，參(can)照(zhao)(zhao)《分散式(shi)飲用(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)地環境保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)指(zhi)南(nan)(試行)》(以下簡稱《分散式(shi)指(zhi)南(nan)》)，劃(hua)定保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)范(fan)圍。

　　對已建(jian)(jian)成投運的農村(cun)飲水(shui)安全工(gong)程，工(gong)程建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)及管(guan)理單(dan)位(wei)應(ying)(ying)于2015年底前向當地環(huan)保(bao)和(he)水(shui)利部門提(ti)供相關基礎資料，協助做(zuo)好水(shui)源保(bao)護區(qu)(qu)或(huo)保(bao)護范(fan)(fan)圍(wei)的劃(hua)分及規范(fan)(fan)管(guan)理工(gong)作。對新建(jian)(jian)、改(gai)建(jian)(jian)、擴建(jian)(jian)的農村(cun)飲水(shui)工(gong)程，工(gong)程建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)單(dan)位(wei)應(ying)(ying)在選(xuan)址階段進行水(shui)量、水(shui)質(zhi)、水(shui)源保(bao)護區(qu)(qu)或(huo)保(bao)護范(fan)(fan)圍(wei)劃(hua)分方(fang)案(an)的論證;水(shui)源保(bao)護區(qu)(qu)和(he)保(bao)護范(fan)(fan)圍(wei)的劃(hua)分、標志(zhi)建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)、環(huan)境綜合(he)整治等工(gong)作，應(ying)(ying)與農村(cun)飲水(shui)工(gong)程同(tong)時設(she)(she)計、同(tong)時建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)、同(tong)時驗收。

 　　二、加(jia)強(qiang)農(nong)村飲用(yong)水(shui)水(shui)源規范化建(jian)設

　　一是設立水(shui)(shui)源保護(hu)區標(biao)(biao)(biao)志。地(di)方各級(ji)環保、水(shui)(shui)利(li)等部門，要(yao)按照當地(di)政府要(yao)求，參照《飲(yin)用(yong)水(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)源保護(hu)區標(biao)(biao)(biao)志技術要(yao)求》《集中式(shi)飲(yin)用(yong)水(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)源環境(jing)保護(hu)指(zhi)南(試行)》(以下簡稱《集中式(shi)指(zhi)南》)及《分(fen)散式(shi)指(zhi)南》，在(zai)飲(yin)用(yong)水(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)源保護(hu)區的邊(bian)界設立明(ming)確(que)的地(di)理(li)界標(biao)(biao)(biao)和明(ming)顯(xian)的警示標(biao)(biao)(biao)志，加強飲(yin)用(yong)水(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)源標(biao)(biao)(biao)志及隔(ge)離(li)設施(shi)的管理(li)維護(hu)。

　　二是推進農村水源環境監管及綜合整治。地方各級環保部門要會同有關部門，參照《集中式指南》《分散式指南》等文件，自2015年起，分期分批調查評估農村飲用水水源環境狀況。對可能影響農村飲用水水源環境安全的化工、造紙、冶煉、制藥等重點行業、重點污染源，要加強執法監管和風險防范，避免突發環境事件影響水源安全。結合農村環境綜合整治工作，開展水源規范化建設，加強水源周邊生活污水、垃圾及畜禽養殖廢棄物的處理處置，綜合防治農藥化肥等面源污染。針對因人類活動影響超標的水源，研究制定水質達標方案，因地制宜地開展水源污染防治工作。

　　三是提升水質監測及檢測能力。地方各級水利、環保部門要配合發展改革、衛生計生等部門，按照本級人民政府部署，結合《關于加強農村飲水安全工程水質檢測能力建設的指導意見》的落實，提升供水工程水質檢測設施裝備水平和檢測能力，滿足農村飲水工程的常規水質檢測需求。加強農村飲水工程的水源及水廠水質監測和檢測，重點落實日供水1000噸或服務人口10000人以上的供水工程水質檢測責任。地方各級環保部門要按照《全國農村環境質量試點監測工作方案》要求，開展農村飲用水水源水質監測工作。

　　四是防(fang)范(fan)水(shui)源(yuan)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)風險(xian)。地方各級環(huan)保部門(men)要會同有(you)關部門(men)，排查農村(cun)(cun)飲用(yong)水(shui)水(shui)源(yuan)周邊環(huan)境(jing)(jing)隱患，建(jian)立(li)風險(xian)源(yuan)名錄。指導、督(du)促排污單(dan)位，按照(zhao)《突發事(shi)件(jian)(jian)(jian)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)對法》和(he)《突發環(huan)境(jing)(jing)事(shi)件(jian)(jian)(jian)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)急(ji)(ji)預案(an)(an)管(guan)理(li)暫行(xing)辦法》規定，做好突發水(shui)污染事(shi)故的風險(xian)控制(zhi)、應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)急(ji)(ji)準備(bei)、應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)急(ji)(ji)處(chu)置(zhi)、事(shi)后恢(hui)復以及應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)急(ji)(ji)預案(an)(an)的編(bian)制(zhi)、評估、發布、備(bei)案(an)(an)、演練等工作(zuo)。參照(zhao)《集中式地表飲用(yong)水(shui)水(shui)源(yuan)地環(huan)境(jing)(jing)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)急(ji)(ji)管(guan)理(li)工作(zuo)指南(試行(xing))》，以縣或鄉鎮行(xing)政區(qu)域為基本(ben)單(dan)元，編(bian)制(zhi)農村(cun)(cun)飲用(yong)水(shui)水(shui)源(yuan)突發環(huan)境(jing)(jing)事(shi)件(jian)(jian)(jian)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)急(ji)(ji)預案(an)(an);一旦發生污染事(shi)件(jian)(jian)(jian)，立(li)即啟動應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)急(ji)(ji)方案(an)(an)，采取(qu)有(you)效(xiao)措施保障群眾飲水(shui)安全。

　　三、健(jian)全農村飲(yin)水(shui)工(gong)程(cheng)及水(shui)源保護(hu)長效機制

　　地方各級水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)利(li)、環(huan)保(bao)部門(men)要(yao)會同有關部門(men)，結(jie)合農(nong)(nong)村飲(yin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)建設(she)、農(nong)(nong)村環(huan)境(jing)綜合整(zheng)(zheng)治、新農(nong)(nong)村建設(she)等(deng)(deng)(deng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作，多渠道(dao)籌集水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)(yuan)保(bao)護資金(jin);按照《農(nong)(nong)村飲(yin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)安(an)全(quan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)建設(she)管(guan)理(li)辦法》等(deng)(deng)(deng)規定，切實(shi)(shi)加(jia)強資金(jin)管(guan)理(li);落實(shi)(shi)用電用地和稅收(shou)(shou)優(you)惠等(deng)(deng)(deng)政策，推進(jin)縣(xian)級農(nong)(nong)村供(gong)(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)機構(gou)(gou)、環(huan)境(jing)監(jian)測(ce)(ce)機構(gou)(gou)和維修養護基金(jin)建設(she)，保(bao)障工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)長效運行(xing)，確保(bao)飲(yin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)安(an)全(quan)、穩定、長期發揮效益。嚴格工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)驗收(shou)(shou)，確保(bao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)質(zhi)量，未(wei)按要(yao)求驗收(shou)(shou)或驗收(shou)(shou)不合格的要(yao)限期整(zheng)(zheng)改。明確供(gong)(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)及(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)(yuan)管(guan)護主體(ti)。指導、督促(cu)農(nong)(nong)村飲(yin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)管(guan)理(li)單位，建立健全(quan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)(yuan)巡(xun)查制度，及(ji)時發現并制止威脅供(gong)(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)安(an)全(quan)的行(xing)為(wei);規范開展水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)(yuan)及(ji)供(gong)(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)監(jian)測(ce)(ce)和檢測(ce)(ce)，發現異常情況及(ji)時向主管(guan)部門(men)報告，必要(yao)時啟動(dong)應(ying)急供(gong)(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)。

　　四(si)、進(jin)一步加(jia)強組織領導

　　進(jin)一步提高認識，認真履行職責、密切配合、協同作戰，切實加強農村飲水安全保障工作。

　　地(di)方各級環(huan)保(bao)部門要會同水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)利、發展改(gai)革、住房(fang)城鄉建設(she)、衛(wei)生計生等(deng)部門，加(jia)快(kuai)推(tui)進農村飲用水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)環(huan)境狀況調查評估工作，抓緊(jin)劃定水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)保(bao)護區或保(bao)護范圍，組織(zhi)編制(zhi)農村飲用水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)保(bao)護相關(guan)管理辦(ban)法(fa)，加(jia)強(qiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)保(bao)護區環(huan)境綜(zong)合整治及(ji)規(gui)范化(hua)建設(she)等(deng)工作。

　　地(di)方(fang)各級水(shui)利(li)部(bu)門(men)要會同(tong)環(huan)保、發展改革、住(zhu)房城(cheng)鄉建設、衛生(sheng)計(ji)生(sheng)等部(bu)門(men)，因地(di)制(zhi)(zhi)宜優化水(shui)源(yuan)布局，推進(jin)區域集中供水(shui)，加強農(nong)村飲(yin)水(shui)工程(cheng)建設及(ji)管理(li)，組織制(zhi)(zhi)定相關規范性文件，落實(shi)安(an)(an)全保障措施，及(ji)時發現和消除(chu)安(an)(an)全隱患，持(chi)續提升農(nong)村居民(min)飲(yin)水(shui)安(an)(an)全保障水(shui)平。

　　五、強化宣傳教育(yu)和(he)公(gong)眾參(can)與

　　地方各(ge)級(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)利(li)、環保(bao)部門(men)要(yao)會同有關部門(men)，切實(shi)加(jia)強農(nong)(nong)村(cun)飲用水(shui)(shui)(shui)安全、水(shui)(shui)(shui)源保(bao)護等相關知識(shi)及工作的(de)宣傳力度，增強農(nong)(nong)村(cun)居民(min)水(shui)(shui)(shui)源保(bao)護意識(shi)。按(an)照本級(ji)人民(min)政府要(yao)求(qiu)，逐步公布(bu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)源水(shui)(shui)(shui)和出廠水(shui)(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)質狀況(kuang)，搭建(jian)公眾參與平臺，強化社會監督，構建(jian)全民(min)行動格(ge)局，切實(shi)提升農(nong)(nong)村(cun)飲水(shui)(shui)(shui)安全保(bao)障水(shui)(shui)(shui)平。

　　環境保護(hu)部(bu)辦公廳

　　水利部辦(ban)公廳

　　2015年6月(yue)4日(ri)

　　環境(jing)保護部辦公廳2015年6月8日印發