國(guo)務院日前(qian)印發《土壤污染(ran)防治行(xing)動(dong)(dong)計劃(hua)》(以下簡(jian)稱(cheng)《行(xing)動(dong)(dong)計劃(hua)》)。這是當前(qian)和今后一(yi)個時期全國(guo)土壤污染(ran)防治工作的行(xing)動(dong)(dong)綱領。
黨中央、國務(wu)院高度重視(shi)土(tu)壤環(huan)境保(bao)護工作(zuo)。《行(xing)(xing)動計劃》立足我(wo)國國情和(he)發(fa)展(zhan)階(jie)段，著眼經濟社(she)會發(fa)展(zhan)全(quan)局，以改善土(tu)壤環(huan)境質量(liang)為核(he)心，以保(bao)障農(nong)產品質量(liang)和(he)人居環(huan)境安(an)全(quan)為出發(fa)點，堅(jian)持預防(fang)為主、保(bao)護優先、風險(xian)管控(kong)，突出重點區域、行(xing)(xing)業和(he)污染(ran)(ran)物，實施分(fen)類(lei)別、分(fen)用途、分(fen)階(jie)段治(zhi)理，嚴控(kong)新增(zeng)污染(ran)(ran)、逐步減少存量(liang)，形成政府主導、企業擔責(ze)、公眾參與、社(she)會監督的(de)土(tu)壤污染(ran)(ran)防(fang)治(zhi)體系。
《行(xing)動計劃》提(ti)出，到2020年，全(quan)國(guo)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)污染(ran)加重趨勢得(de)(de)到初步(bu)遏制，土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)質(zhi)量(liang)總體保(bao)持穩(wen)定，農用(yong)(yong)地(di)和(he)建(jian)設用(yong)(yong)地(di)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)安全(quan)得(de)(de)到基本(ben)保(bao)障(zhang)，土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)風險(xian)得(de)(de)到基本(ben)管控。到2030年，全(quan)國(guo)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)質(zhi)量(liang)穩(wen)中(zhong)向好，農用(yong)(yong)地(di)和(he)建(jian)設用(yong)(yong)地(di)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)安全(quan)得(de)(de)到有效保(bao)障(zhang)，土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)風險(xian)得(de)(de)到全(quan)面(mian)管控。到本(ben)世紀中(zhong)葉，土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)質(zhi)量(liang)全(quan)面(mian)改善，生態(tai)系統實(shi)現良性(xing)循(xun)環(huan)。
《行動計劃(hua)》堅(jian)持(chi)問(wen)題導向、底線思維(wei)，堅(jian)持(chi)突出重點、有限目標(biao)，堅(jian)持(chi)分類管控、綜合施策，確定了十個方面(mian)的措(cuo)施：一是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)開展(zhan)土壤(rang)(rang)污(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)調查，掌握土壤(rang)(rang)環境(jing)(jing)質量狀況。二是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)推進土壤(rang)(rang)污(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)立法(fa)，建(jian)(jian)立健全法(fa)規標(biao)準(zhun)體系(xi)。三是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)實施農(nong)用地(di)分類管理(li)(li)，保(bao)(bao)障農(nong)業(ye)生產環境(jing)(jing)安全。四是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)實施建(jian)(jian)設用地(di)準(zhun)入(ru)管理(li)(li)，防(fang)(fang)范(fan)人居(ju)環境(jing)(jing)風險。五(wu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)強(qiang)化未污(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)土壤(rang)(rang)保(bao)(bao)護，嚴(yan)控新增土壤(rang)(rang)污(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)。六是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)加強(qiang)污(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)源監管，做好土壤(rang)(rang)污(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)預防(fang)(fang)工作(zuo)。七是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)開展(zhan)污(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)與(yu)修復，改(gai)善區(qu)域(yu)土壤(rang)(rang)環境(jing)(jing)質量。八是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)加大(da)科(ke)技研發力度(du)，推動環境(jing)(jing)保(bao)(bao)護產業(ye)發展(zhan)。九是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)發揮政府主導作(zuo)用，構建(jian)(jian)土壤(rang)(rang)環境(jing)(jing)治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)體系(xi)。十是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)加強(qiang)目標(biao)考核，嚴(yan)格責(ze)任追究(jiu)。
制定(ding)實施(shi)(shi)《土壤污(wu)(wu)染(ran)防治(zhi)行動(dong)(dong)(dong)計(ji)(ji)劃(hua)》是黨中(zhong)央、國務(wu)院推進生態文明建(jian)設，堅決向污(wu)(wu)染(ran)宣(xuan)戰(zhan)的一項重大(da)(da)舉措，是系統(tong)開(kai)展污(wu)(wu)染(ran)治(zhi)理的重要戰(zhan)略部署，對(dui)(dui)確保生態環境質(zhi)量改(gai)善、各類自然生態系統(tong)安全穩定(ding)具有重要作用。至此，與已(yi)經(jing)出(chu)臺的《大(da)(da)氣污(wu)(wu)染(ran)防治(zhi)行動(dong)(dong)(dong)計(ji)(ji)劃(hua)》和《水污(wu)(wu)染(ran)防治(zhi)行動(dong)(dong)(dong)計(ji)(ji)劃(hua)》一起(qi)，針對(dui)(dui)我國當前(qian)面臨的大(da)(da)氣、水、土壤環境污(wu)(wu)染(ran)問(wen)題，三(san)個污(wu)(wu)染(ran)防治(zhi)行動(dong)(dong)(dong)計(ji)(ji)劃(hua)本(ben)屆政府(fu)已(yi)經(jing)全部制定(ding)發(fa)布實施(shi)(shi)。
